2015 Rare Diseases-LSD-CME-Test OPEN About the test 1 Point per correct full question, i.e. max 15 points for the whole test Grading: pass/no pass only (minimum requirement for pass = 66% = 10 points) Which cellular pathology is present in all lysosomal storage disorders? Question Title * 1. Which cellular pathology is present in all lysosomal storage disorders? Dysfunctional cellular protein synthesis Accumulation of non-degraded metabolites in organelles Impaired cellular glucose uptake Uncoupled cellular ATP generation Loss of the cellular membrane potential For which 3 reasons are early diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders important? Question Title * 2. For which 3 reasons are early diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders important? Some of them are now treatable Early diagnosis and treatment can normalise the lives of otherwise disabled patients If diagnosed and treated early, patients can have their quality of life improved Treatment can extend the lives of patients Available treatments can repair the underlying genetic problem Which 3 body tissues are highly dependent on mucopolysaccharides? Question Title * 3. Which 3 body tissues are highly dependent on mucopolysaccharides? Connective tissue Adipose tissue Vascular smooth muscle Cartilage Endothelial tissue What type of compound should be looked for in a urine sample to diagnose MPS? Question Title * 4. What type of compound should be looked for in a urine sample to diagnose MPS? Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) Ribonucleic acids (RNA) Phospholipids Sphingolipids Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) What type of disease onset characterises inborn metabolic errors such as lysosomal storage diseases? Question Title * 5. What type of disease onset characterises inborn metabolic errors such as lysosomal storage diseases? Failure to thrive in the first week of life Non-specific clinical signs years after birth A sudden metabolic crisis There are no clinical signs; only laboratory tests can indicate a disease Multiple episodes of persistent eczema and high fever Which body part is typically not affected at the onset of a lysosomal storage disorder? Question Title * 6. Which body part is typically not affected at the onset of a lysosomal storage disorder? The face The liver The heart The spleen The brain Which of the following problems is NOT typically seen in a 3 year old child with a lysosomal storage disease? Question Title * 7. Which of the following problems is NOT typically seen in a 3 year old child with a lysosomal storage disease? Speech Difficulties Hyperactivity Coarse faces Breathing problems History of multiple and recurrent infections Which of the following examinations will not help specifically to reveal a possible lysosomal storage disease? Question Title * 8. Which of the following examinations will not help specifically to reveal a possible lysosomal storage disease? Examine facial structures Examine the dental status Palpation to monitor inner organ size Examine the structure of hands Send a urine sample for GAG analysis Which two medical specialties are most appropriate for referral of patients with potential MPS? Question Title * 9. Which two medical specialties are most appropriate for referral of patients with potential MPS? Orthopaedic surgeon Clinical geneticist Neurologist Metabolic paediatrician Respiratory and allergy specialist Why may a bone marrow transplantation be justified in children with MPS? Question Title * 10. Why may a bone marrow transplantation be justified in children with MPS? It restores the immune system It secures sufficient availability of erythrocytes It protects the brain It is enables long term control of the joints It prevents spinal cord deformation Which 3 historical features are typical for an adolescent with an undiagnosed lysosomal storage disease? Question Title * 11. Which 3 historical features are typical for an adolescent with an undiagnosed lysosomal storage disease? Ataxia and difficulties to move Impaired eye movement Seasonal palpitations Recurrent difficulties to breathe Cognitive and psychiatric difficulties What type of clinical assessment is a good and inexpensive first-line test to confirm possible abdominal organ enlargement? Question Title * 12. What type of clinical assessment is a good and inexpensive first-line test to confirm possible abdominal organ enlargement? CT-scan MRI Dexa-scan Ultrasound PET scan What accumulates abnormally in Niemann Pick Type C? Question Title * 13. What accumulates abnormally in Niemann Pick Type C? Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) Polypeptides Cholesterol ATP Coenzyme A What is the most typical clinical symptom for Niemann Pick C? Question Title * 14. What is the most typical clinical symptom for Niemann Pick C? Premature atherosclerosis Progressive neurological damage Autoimmune reactions to self-produced lipopolysaccharides Skeletal deformations Progressive arthritis For which three reasons are Niemann Pick C and MPS important rare diseases to know about for primary care paediatricians? Question Title * 15. For which three reasons are Niemann Pick C and MPS important rare diseases to know about for primary care paediatricians? They are progressive They are treatable They are unusually difficult to diagnose They trigger rapid childhood mortality They can be entirely cured if treated early Next
